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    Deer park (England) - Wikipedia

    In medieval and Early Modern England, Wales and Ireland, a deer park (Latin: novale cervorum, campus cervorum) was an enclosed area containing deer. It was bounded by a ditch and bank with a wooden park pale on top of the bank, or by a stone or brick wall. The ditch was on the inside increasing the effective … See more

    Some deer parks were established in the Anglo-Saxon era and are mentioned in Anglo-Saxon Charters; these were often called hays (from Old English heġe (“hedge, fence”) and ġehæġ (“an enclosed piece of land”). See more

    King Henry VIII appointed Sir William Denys (1470–1533) an Esquire of the Body at some date before 5 June 1511. It was perhaps at the very time of William's appointment to that … See more

    W. G. Hoskins remarked that "the reconstruction of medieval parks and their boundaries is one of the many useful tasks awaiting the field-worker with patience and a good local knowledge". Most deer parks were bounded by significant earthworks topped by a park See more

    Chase (land)
    European fallow deer: the main species introduced into these deer parks, smaller and more containable than the large native British red deer See more

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    Licence to empark image

    To establish a deer park a royal licence was required, known as a "licence to empark" —especially if the park was in or near a royal forest. Because of their cost and exclusivity, … See more

    Deer parks could vary in size from a circumference of many miles down to what amounted to little more than a deer paddock. The … See more

    Stocked with fallow deer
    Richmond Park, Surrey (now Greater London), a royal park (also red deer)
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    In medieval and Early Modern England, Wales and Ireland, a deer park ( Latin: novale cervorum, campus cervorum) was an enclosed area containing deer. It was bounded by a ditch and bank with a wooden park pale on top of the bank, or by a stone or brick wall. The ditch was on the inside increasing the effective height.
    Designed to keep intruders out and animals in, park boundaries usually comprised inner ditches and outer banks surmounted by a palisade or wall. While in the earlier Middle Ages parks were often distanced from their associated houses, the later medieval aristocracy preferred parks that were next to or encompassed their residences.
    Most parks were created between 1200 and 1350. It is estimated that there were once over 3,000 deer parks across England, Scotland and Wales. These varied greatly in size, from several to thousands of acres. Today, only a handful remain, yet documentary evidence and boundary earthworks continue to provide evidence of now-lost parks.
    The landscape within a deer park was manipulated to produce a habitat that was both suitable for the deer and also provided space for hunting. "Tree dotted lawns, tree clumps and compact woods" provided "launds" (pasture) over which the deer were hunted and wooded cover for the deer to avoid human contact.
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  5. What is a deer park? | Landscapes history | National Trust

    WEBDeer parks were a prominent feature of the British landscape until the English Civil War, when they were either broken up and converted into agricultural land or incorporated into post-medieval country estates. …

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  6. Ancient Oaks of England: Deer parks

  7. The medieval bishop's palace and deer park, Stow Park …

    WEBThe medieval deer park associated with the palace formerly occupied an area of about 275ha extending southwards from the moated site. The surviving remains of the park pale are protected in two areas, 1.5km …

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  8. Medieval deer park - Medievalists.net

  9. Parks in Medieval England | Reviews in History

  10. Medieval deer park history revealed at Gwynedd site

    WEB26 July 2013. The medieval royal deer park at Brynkir is now covered by the remains of a derelict manor. An ancient deer park which medieval princes may have used for hunting has been...

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  11. Medieval Deer Parks And Designed Landscapes In The High