Apennine Mountains
Mountain RangeSee more on en.wikipedia.org · Text under CC-BY-SA licenceThe Apennines or Apennine Mountains are a mountain range consisting of parallel smaller chains extending c. 1,200 km along the length of peninsular Italy. In the northwest they join with the Ligurian Alps at Altare. In the southwest they end at Reggio di Calabria, the coastal city at the tip of the peninsula. Since 2000 the En…- The Apennines were created in the Apennine orogeny beginning in the early Neogene and continuing today. Geographically they are partially or appear to be continuous with the Alpine system. Prior to the explosion of data on the topic from about the year 2000 many authors took the approach that the Apennines had the same origin as the Alps. Even today some authors us…
- The Apennines are the continuation of the Alpine chain, but the individual zones of the Alps cannot be traced into the Apennines. The zone of the Brianconnais may be followed as far as the Gulf of Genoa, but scarcely beyond, unless it is represented by the Trias and older beds of the Apuan Alps. The inner zone of crystalline and schistose rocks which forms the main chain of th…
- The Apennines orogeny developed through several tectonic phases, mostly during the Cenozoic Era (about 65 million years ago), and came to a climax in the Miocene and Pliocene epochs (about 23 to 2.6 million years ago).The Apennines consists of a thrust-belt structure with three basic trending motions: toward the Adriatic Sea (the northern and central ranges), the Ionian Se…
- The Apennines are divided into three sectors: northern, central, and southern. A number of long hiking trails wind through the Apennines. Of note is European walking route E1 coming from northern Europe and traversing the lengths of the northern and central Apennines. The Grand Italian Trail begins in Trieste and after winding through the Alpine arc traverses the entire Apen…
- The etymology most frequently repeated, because of its semantic appropriateness, is that it derives from the Celtic penn, "mountain, summit": A-penn-inus, which could have been assigned during the Celtic domination of north Italy in the 4th century BC or before. The name originally applied to the north Apennines. However, historical linguists have never found a derivation with …
- The climate of the highest section of the Apennines is continental but made more pleasant on account of Mediterranean influences. Snowfalls are frequent, with cold winters and hot summers. Average rainfall—at between 40 and 80 inches (1,000 and 2,000 millimetres) per year—is higher on the Tyrrhenian slopes than on the eastern, or Adriatic, side of the Apennines.
- Vegetative zones
The number of vascular plant species in the Apennines has been estimated at 5,599. Of these, 728 are in the treeline ecotone. Hemicryptophytes predominate in the entire Apennine chain. Alpine zone The tree line ecotone is mainly grasslands of the Montane grasslands and shrublan…
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